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- Image Credit: Picxy.com/debadattamallick
- Description:The oil seeds are held in a scooped circular pit in the exact center of a circular mortar made of stone or wood. In it works a stout, upright pestle which descends from a top curved or angled piece, in which the pestle rests in a scooped-out hollow that permits the pestle to rotate, eased by some soapy or oily lubricant. Today the single angled piece takes the form of two shorter pieces pinioned or chained together. The bottom of the lower angled piece is attached to a load-beam; one end of the load-beam rides around the outside of the barrel, while the other is yoked to the animal. The load-beam is weighted down with either heavy stones or even the seated operator. As the animal moves in a circular ambit, the pestle rotates, exerting lateral pressure on the upper chest of the pit, first pulverizing the oil seed and then crushing out its oil. Ghani operation has been noted in Afghanistan, Sri Lanka and Myanmar, which had cultural ties with India. Despite subsidies by the Indian Government to support village industries, in recent times Ghani operation has declined in the land of its origin.
- Location: Baliyatra Ground, Cuttack, Odisha, India
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